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Threadfin Shad

Threadfin Shad

Threadfin Shad (Dorosoma petenense) are considered by most fishery managers to be the single most important prey fish in South Carolina's reservoirs. These small herring family members are primarily used as bait rather than targeted as sport fish.

Scientific Name: Dorosoma petenense

Also known as yellowtails

Physical Characteristics:
  • distinctive bluish-gray upper sides fading to silver, with a prominent purple to black spot behind the gill flap and characteristic yellow caudal fins.
  • They average 2-3 inches in length and weigh about 1 ounce, with a distinctive long dorsal fin ray at the back of the dorsal fin.
  • They rarely live past one year but grow no more than 3-4 inches.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • Found statewide in large rivers and reservoirs, they also inhabit brackish waters and are most productive in large impoundments.

Key Locations

  • South Carolina's large rivers and reservoirs statewide.

Specific Spots

  • open water areas where they school, areas around submerged vegetation, boat docks, and other structures where they congregate.

Threadfin Shad FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

How do you catch Threadfin Shad in South Carolina?

Threadfin Shad are primarily used as bait rather than targeted as sport fish, but can be caught using sabiki rigs when needed for bait. The best approach is to avoid the April-July spawning period to protect reproductive cycles. Early morning and late evening hours are most productive when they feed near the surface.

What do Threadfin Shad eat?

As filter feeders, they consume microscopic plants and animals using their gill rakers like a strainer.

Where do Threadfin Shad live in South Carolina?

Found statewide in large rivers and reservoirs, they also inhabit brackish waters and are most productive in large impoundments.

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