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White Perch

White Perch

White Perch are a nonnative species in Illinois that have established populations throughout the state since first being recorded in 1988.

Despite their name, they're actually members of the temperate bass family (Moronidae), closely related to striped bass and white bass. These invasive fish are common in Illinois waters and considered an established species.

Scientific Name: Morone americana

Physical Characteristics:
  • White Perch are small, silvery-green fish averaging 8-10 inches and weighing less than a pound, with deep, laterally compressed bodies and no distinct horizontal stripes.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • They inhabit pools and quiet-water areas of medium to large rivers, usually over mud, as well as lakes and ponds.

Key Locations

  • In Illinois, they're found in Lake Michigan, the Illinois River system, Mississippi River, Chicago River, and numerous inland waters throughout 13 different watersheds including the Kankakee, Des Plaines, Cache, and Peruque-Piasa regions.

Specific Spots

  • Fish depths of 8-15 feet along breakwalls and piers that drop into deeper water.
  • Target structure like docks, bridge pilings, and rocky areas, especially in the tailwaters below dams on major river systems.

White Perch FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What are the best lures and bait for White Perch in Illinois?

Effective baits include bloodworms, grass shrimp, small minnows (fatheads, baby roaches), nightcrawlers, soft-shell crayfish pieces, and spikes. For lures, use small jigs (1/8-1/4 ounce), spinners, small spoons, crankbaits, and soft plastics in white, chartreuse, and pink.

When is the best time to fish for White Perch in Illinois?

White Perch can be caught year-round in Illinois except during their spawning period from May 1-June 15 when fishing is closed to protect spawning populations. Target them in the Chicago River system from September through April.

How do you catch White Perch in Illinois?

Fish them under slip-floats about 18 inches off bottom, or cast and retrieve slowly. Use bottom rigs with small hooks and light tackle. Use crappie rigs with fatheads throughout the year.

What do White Perch eat?

White Perch are highly opportunistic feeders with a generalist diet including zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, aquatic insect larvae (chironomids, trichopterans, ephemeropterans), small fish, fish e.g.gs, minnows, crustaceans, and detritus.

Where do White Perch live in Illinois?

They inhabit pools and quiet-water areas of medium to large rivers, usually over mud, as well as lakes and ponds.

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