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Coho Salmon

Coho Salmon

Coho Salmon are a non-native Pacific salmon species introduced to Illinois waters in 1967 as part of efforts to control invasive alewife populations in Lake Michigan.

While some natural reproduction occurs, the population is maintained primarily through hatchery stocking at Jake Wolf Memorial Fish Hatchery, with fish being released directly into Lake Michigan harbors.

Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus kisutch

Also known as Silver Salmon

Physical Characteristics:
  • These fish average 10-12 pounds in Illinois waters, with the state record being 20 lbs 9 oz caught in 1972.
  • Adult coho are distinguished by their steel-blue to greenish backs, bright silver sides, and white bellies, with black spots on the back and upper half of the tail.
  • During spawning season, males develop bright red sides and green coloration on the back and head.
  • The species has white gums at the base of their teeth and an adipose fin near the tail.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • In Illinois, coho salmon are found exclusively in Lake Michigan waters, including harbors and tributaries along Cook and Lake Counties.

Key Locations

  • Calumet Harbor, Diversey Harbor, Belmont Harbor, Montrose Harbor, Jackson Harbor, Burnham Harbor, Navy Pier, North Ave Pier, Foster Ave Pier, Calumet River system, Little Calumet River, 31st Street Harbor, 59th Street Harbor, North Point Marina in Winthrop Harbor, Waukegan Harbor, various Chicago Park District harbors.

Specific Spots

  • Various Chicago piers, park access points along the Calumet River system, areas with adequate boat launching facilities.

Coho Salmon FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

When is the best time to fish for Coho Salmon in Illinois?

April through June for the spring run and September through early October before spawning begins. From March-April, coho can be caught from shore in harbors as they run, accessible to shore anglers until weather warms in June, when they head to cooler, deeper water.

How do you catch Coho Salmon in Illinois?

Trolling is the primary technique for boat anglers, using downriggers in summer months when fish are 60-100+ feet deep. Shore fishing works well with casting lures, particularly in early morning and late evening hours.

What do Coho Salmon eat?

Their diet is dominated by small alewives and smelt, along with other small fish.

Where do Coho Salmon live in Illinois?

In Illinois, coho salmon are found exclusively in Lake Michigan waters, including harbors and tributaries along Cook and Lake Counties.

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