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Grass Carp


Grass Carp

Grass Carp are large herbivorous members of the minnow family that have been stocked in Florida waters since the 1970s for aquatic vegetation control.

Only triploid (sterile) grass carp occur in Florida waters where stocked, as they cannot reproduce in pond environments but require free-flowing rivers for spawning.

Scientific Name: Ctenopharyngodon idella

Also known as White Amur


Physical Characteristics:
  • These impressive fish can reach 56 inches and weigh up to 75 pounds in Florida (the largest recorded triploid grass carp was 15 years old).
  • They have torpedo-shaped bodies with silvery to dark grey backs, lighter sides with a golden sheen, and silvery white bellies.
  • Distinguished by their broad heads, large scales with dark edging, and specialized pharyngeal teeth for grinding plant matter, they lack the barbels found on common carp.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • Found throughout Florida's freshwater systems where stocked.
  • They typically inhabit large, slow-flowing or standing water bodies with vegetation.

Key Locations

  • Found throughout Florida's freshwater systems where stocked, particularly in South Florida's canal systems in Broward, Miami-Dade, and Palm Beach counties.

Specific Spots

  • Target vegetated areas, canal systems, and shallow bays during warm periods.
  • They cruise in shallow areas during warm weather and move to deeper waters when temperatures drop.

Grass Carp FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What are the best lures and bait for Grass Carp in Florida?

Grass clippings from swampy areas, sweet corn, cherry tomatoes, watermelon, bread balls, dough balls, and lima beans. Many anglers create bait balls by mixing canned corn with bread crumbs. Fresh cut grass, bagel pieces (which don't disintegrate), and fruity baits like plum, berries, and pineapple also work well.

What flies work for Grass Carp in Florida?

Surface flies that mimic aquatic vegetation, cottonwood seeds, or bread patterns, with delicate presentation being critical.

How do you catch Grass Carp in Florida?

Sight fishing, pre-baiting areas with corn several days before fishing can concentrate fish in specific locations, float rigs and still fishing techniques work well when placing baits in feeding areas, freelining baits to drift naturally.

What do Grass Carp eat?

These fish are primarily herbivorous, consuming aquatic plants, submerged grasses, and rooted macrophytes, though they will eat detritus, insects, and invertebrates when necessary. They prefer hydrilla above all other plants, followed by coontail, muskgrass, naiad, and various spikerush species.

Where do Grass Carp live in Florida?

Found throughout Florida's freshwater systems where stocked. They typically inhabit large, slow-flowing or standing water bodies with vegetation.

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