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Atlantic Salmon

Atlantic Salmon

Atlantic Salmon in Wisconsin are a rare but prized species, primarily found as a result of stocking programs in Lake Superior tributaries and some inland waters. These anadromous fish are considered by many anglers to be the best eating salmon species.

Scientific Name: Salmo salar

Physical Characteristics:
  • Known for their impressive size, with the Wisconsin state record reaching 23 pounds, though they typically average smaller.
  • Atlantic Salmon are distinguished by their silver coloration with black spots predominantly above the lateral line, and males develop a pronounced kype (hooked jaw) during spawning.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • Primarily found in Lake Superior tributaries and some inland waters.

Key Locations

  • Target them primarily in Lake Superior and select tributaries like the Brule River system.

Specific Spots

  • Focus on prime lies including deep pool guts, outside bends of rivers, areas near spring sources, and structure like boulders and undercut banks.
  • Shore fishing can be productive near river mouths during staging periods.

Atlantic Salmon FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What flies work for Atlantic Salmon in Wisconsin?

Effective choices include Wooly Buggers in black, Egg Sucking Leeches, and brightly colored streamers. Traditional Atlantic salmon patterns like Blue Charm, Green Highlander, and Lady Amherst work well for fresh-run fish.

When is the best time to fish for Atlantic Salmon in Wisconsin?

Atlantic Salmon fishing in Wisconsin peaks from July through early October, before spawning begins. They begin entering Wisconsin rivers as early as July, with peak spawning runs occurring in October and November - times when anglers should avoid targeting them to protect reproductive efforts.

How do you catch Atlantic Salmon in Wisconsin?

For flies, fly speed is critical - Atlantic Salmon prefer faster presentations at 1.5 to 2 feet per second, significantly faster than other salmonids. When swinging flies, maintain steady movement without hesitations. Effective lures include shiny spoons, plugs, and crankbaits trolled at varying depths.

What do Atlantic Salmon eat?

In Wisconsin waters, Atlantic Salmon feed primarily on rainbow smelt when in the Great Lakes, which comprised 77% of their diet in Lake Superior studies. They also consume coregonines (lake herring and ciscoes), sculpins, and various invertebrates including terrestrial insects.

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