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Longnose Gar


Longnose Gar

Longnose Gar are the most abundant and widely distributed of the ancient gar family in West Virginia, found throughout most streams, rivers and reservoirs across the state.

These prehistoric fish are apex predators that possess a highly vascularized swim bladder serving as an auxiliary lung, allowing them to survive in harsh conditions and low-oxygen habitats other fish cannot tolerate.

Physical Characteristics:
  • These prehistoric fish average 2-3 feet in length but can reach up to 5 feet, with their most distinguishing feature being their long, very slim snout and cylindrical cigar-shaped body.
  • Round dark spots scatter over their olive-gray bodies, which are covered in ganoid scales creating a suit of armor.
  • West Virginia holds state records of 52.25 inches for length and 19.08 pounds for weight.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • They prefer shallow, weedy, quiet waters but adapt to various water types throughout West Virginia.

Key Locations

  • Found throughout most streams, rivers and reservoirs across the state.

Specific Spots

  • Look for them in shallow, weedy backwaters, around structure like vegetation, stone outcrops, and downed trees.

Longnose Gar FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What are the best lures and bait for Longnose Gar in West Virginia?

Small live baits, cut bait, small spinners, spoons, and jigs. Alternative methods include small sections of frayed rope or panty hose bags as lures, taking advantage of their abundant teeth for entanglement.

What flies work for Longnose Gar in West Virginia?

The most effective approach uses hookless rope flies made from unbraided nylon rope, 6-9 inches long. Traditional hooks often fail due to their bony mouths, so the rope tangles in their numerous teeth.

When is the best time to fish for Longnose Gar in West Virginia?

The best longnose gar fishing occurs during hot, clear, sunny summer days from July through August when they become surface-oriented and easier to spot. Early morning and late evening can be productive when they move into shallower areas to feed.

How do you catch Longnose Gar in West Virginia?

Cast the fly a few feet beyond and in front of the fish, retrieve slowly, then let the gar chew on the fly for several seconds before applying steady pressure. They readily chase lures out of curiosity. Target them by scanning for their distinctive porpoising rolls or snouts breaking the surface to gulp air.

What do Longnose Gar eat?

Longnose Gar are apex predators with snouts filled with numerous small sharp teeth, enabling them to easily capture fish - their primary diet. They supplement with crayfish and other aquatic prey when opportunities arise.

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