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Flathead Catfish

Flathead Catfish

Flathead catfish are native to the Mississippi drainage in West Virginia and are among the largest gamefish in the state. These apex predators are active predators that feed almost exclusively on live prey, unlike scavenging channel and blue catfish.

These solitary fish are slow-growing and long-lived, often exceeding 30 years in age.

Scientific Name: Pylodictis olivaris

Physical Characteristics:
  • Individuals reaching over 50 pounds and the state record being a 70-pound, 52-inch specimen from the Little Kanawha River in 1956.
  • Flatheads are distinguished by their broad, flattened head with small eyes on top, protruding lower jaw, and square, slightly notched tail.
  • Their coloration varies from pale yellow to light brown or slate, usually mottled with dark brown or black markings, and pale yellow or cream belly.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • Native to the Mississippi drainage in West Virginia, including the Kanawha, Little Kanawha, Monongahela, and Ohio rivers and their tributaries.
  • They prefer deep pools in rivers, canals, lakes, and reservoirs with turbid water and slow currents.

Key Locations

  • The best flathead catfish waters in West Virginia include the Ohio River (Robert C.
  • Byrd Pool and Greenup Pool), Kanawha River (particularly below Winfield, Marmet, and London dams), Bluestone Lake, Burnsville Lake, Stonewall Jackson Lake, and the Monongahela River below dams.

Specific Spots

  • Target structure-rich areas like fallen trees, logjams, brush piles, undercut banks, bridge pilings, and tailwater areas below dams.
  • During daylight, focus on deep holes adjacent to shallow flats (3-10 feet deep), especially areas with stumps or rock structure.
  • At night, fish shallow flats and creek mouths near deeper water.
  • Adults stake out territory under trees, logs, or in coves during the day, moving to shallow areas to feed at night.

Flathead Catfish FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What are the best lures and bait for Flathead Catfish in West Virginia?

Live bait is essential - use large live bluegills, goldfish, suckers up to 20 inches, or rock bass (locally called redeyes).

When is the best time to fish for Flathead Catfish in West Virginia?

Prime fishing occurs from late spring through early fall, with September and October being exceptional as fish feed heavily preparing for winter. Avoid fishing during June-August spawning period when males guard nests and won't feed.

How do you catch Flathead Catfish in West Virginia?

Fish along current edges in rivers using heavy sinkers to maintain bottom contact. Hook live bait through the tail or upper mouth using 5/0 to 8/0 circle hooks.

What do Flathead Catfish eat?

Young flatheads under 4 inches eat invertebrates like worms, insects, and crayfish, while larger fish prey primarily on live fish and crayfish. They're also cannibalistic, eating other flatheads when opportunity presents.

Where do Flathead Catfish live in West Virginia?

Native to the Mississippi drainage in West Virginia, including the Kanawha, Little Kanawha, Monongahela, and Ohio rivers and their tributaries. They prefer deep pools in rivers, canals, lakes, and reservoirs with turbid water and slow currents.

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