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Gizzard Shad

Gizzard Shad

Gizzard Shad are one of four clupeid species found in Oklahoma's reservoirs and rivers, and Jenkins (1949) suggested that all large Oklahoma reservoirs have Gizzard Shad populations where they are typically the most abundant species.

Scientific Name: Dorosoma cepedianum

Physical Characteristics:
  • Adult Gizzard Shad in Oklahoma can reach lengths up to 18 inches and weights of 1.56 kg (3.4 lbs), though they average smaller.
  • Gizzard Shad grow very rapidly and can reach large sizes (>180mm TL) in their first year.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • They prefer shallow lakes with muddy bottoms and relatively high turbidity, and can be found in lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams, and even brackish waters.

Key Locations

  • Lake Carl Etling in far northwest Oklahoma (Cimarron County), Heyburn Lake in Creek County, Grand Lake, Lake Texoma, Lake Tenkiller, and many other major reservoirs.

Specific Spots

  • Look for areas with relatively deep channels leading into shallow backs, typically 1-6 feet deep.
  • Target big main river channels that have backwater bays with deep channels leading into shallow areas where Gizzard Shad school.
  • Focus on areas like the backs of coves, creek channels, boat ramps, marinas, and areas with hard structure like riprap or boat docks.

Gizzard Shad FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

When is the best time to fish for Gizzard Shad in Oklahoma?

Spring through early fall provides the best opportunities when water temperatures are between 50-80°F. They spawn once a year when water temperatures reach 64-69 degrees (with peak spawning around 66 degrees), typically from mid-April through May in Oklahoma reservoirs.

How do you catch Gizzard Shad in Oklahoma?

The most effective approach is using a cast net. The best times are during daylight hours when you can visually locate schools. Early morning and late evening can be productive when shad move into shallower areas to feed on plankton.

What do Gizzard Shad eat?

These filter feeders use gill rakers to strain detritus and plankton, feeding primarily on phytoplankton and zooplankton including periphyton, chrysophyta, and rotifera.

Where do Gizzard Shad live in Oklahoma?

They prefer shallow lakes with muddy bottoms and relatively high turbidity, and can be found in lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams, and even brackish waters.

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