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Black Bullhead

Black Bullhead

Black Bullhead are among Ohio's most widespread and abundant catfish, found in ponds, lakes, and slow-moving streams throughout every county in the state.

These stocky fish are incredibly hardy, tolerating poor water quality, low oxygen, high temperatures, and even pollution better than most fish species.

Scientific Name: Ameiurus melas

Physical Characteristics:
  • Easily distinguished by their completely black chin barbels, dark coloration that ranges from olive-brown to black, and a distinctive pale crescent at the base of their squared tail.
  • Unlike their brown and yellow bullhead cousins, black bullheads have weak or absent serrations on their pectoral fin spines.
  • They typically reach 10-14 inches and 1-2 pounds in Ohio waters, though specimens up to 4 pounds are possible.
  • Their bodies are covered in taste buds rather than scales, making them highly sensitive to chemical cues in the water.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • Found in ponds, lakes, and slow-moving streams throughout every county in the state.
  • Preferring muddy bottoms with vegetation where insect larvae are abundant.

Key Locations

  • Ohio's major reservoirs like Pleasant Hill Reservoir, Attica Upground Reservoir, and throughout the Great Miami and Little Miami River systems.

Specific Spots

  • Focus on shallow bays, vegetated areas, muddy bottoms near weed edges, and spots below dams or culvert inflows that bring food.
  • Target water 1-10 feet deep around structure, fallen trees, docks, and vegetated areas.

Black Bullhead FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What are the best lures and bait for Black Bullhead in Ohio?

The most productive baits are nightcrawlers and red worms, which account for two-thirds of trophy catches. Other effective baits include chicken liver, dead shrimp, cut bait (crushed for scent release), live minnows, leeches, and corn.

When is the best time to fish for Black Bullhead in Ohio?

Late spring through early fall when water temperatures exceed 55°F, with peak fishing occurring May through September. Spring fishing can be productive during daylight hours, especially in warmer shallow areas and stream mouths. Avoid fishing during spawning season (May-July) when they're protecting nests.

How do you catch Black Bullhead in Ohio?

Keep bait on or near the bottom since bullheads are bottom feeders that locate food primarily by smell. In stained or murky water, daytime fishing can be effective year-round.

What do Black Bullhead eat?

Omnivorous diet including midge larvae, aquatic insects, crayfish, small fish, fish e.g.gs, worms, snails, and plant material.

Where do Black Bullhead live in Ohio?

Found in ponds, lakes, and slow-moving streams throughout every county in the state. Preferring muddy bottoms with vegetation where insect larvae are abundant.

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