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Kokanee Salmon

Kokanee Salmon

Kokanee salmon in New Mexico are landlocked sockeye salmon that spend their entire life cycle in freshwater rather than migrating to the sea.

Originally native to the Pacific Northwest, they were introduced to New Mexico lakes in the 1930s and have established populations in Navajo Lake, Eagle Nest Lake, and Heron Lake.

Also known as landlocked sockeye salmon

Physical Characteristics:

These fish live for three to four years, with males undergoing dramatic physical changes during spawning - their sides turn bright to brick red, jaws extend and become deeply hooked with sharp teeth.

They have specialized gill rakers (29-40 in count) to filter zooplankton.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

They are typically found at depths of 15-90 feet, often schooling around the thermocline where water temperature hovers around 50°F.

Key Locations

Navajo Lake, Eagle Nest Lake, and Heron Lake. Navajo Lake has developed into the most consistent kokanee fishery in the state, while Eagle Nest produces larger fish on average. The best snagging occurs around Navajo Dam where large schools congregate.

Specific Spots

Fish are typically found at depths of 70+ feet near the dam area during prime season. Often schooling around the thermocline where water temperature hovers around 50°F. The best snagging occurs around Navajo Dam where large schools congregate.

Kokanee Salmon FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What are the best lures and bait for Kokanee Salmon in New Mexico?

Effective lures include bright-colored hoochies, wedding rings, and spinners in pink, red, and orange colors. Scented baits like shrimp and krill are highly effective attractants. Early morning colors tend toward greens and chartreuse, transitioning to bright reds, pinks, and hot orange when good light hits the water.

When is the best time to fish for Kokanee Salmon in New Mexico?

The best kokanee fishing in New Mexico occurs from late October through February when these salmon are most active. During spawning period (August through February, with peak activity October-December), fishing for them should be avoided as they focus on reproduction and die after spawning.

How do you catch Kokanee Salmon in New Mexico?

Trolling techniques with trolling speeds of 1-3.5 mph work best, with 1.5 mph being ideal for most conditions. Dodgers are crucial attractors - use 4-5 inch dodgers with chrome or dimpled finishes, running lures 30 inches behind dodgers for proper action. During special snagging season, snagging is allowed.

What do Kokanee Salmon eat?

Kokanee are primarily plankton feeders, using specialized gill rakers (29-40 in count) to filter zooplankton, tiny aquatic organisms, insects, and freshwater shrimp from the water.

Where do Kokanee Salmon live in New Mexico?

They are typically found at depths of 15-90 feet, often schooling around the thermocline where water temperature hovers around 50°F.

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