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Black Bullhead

Black Bullhead

Black Bullhead are present in New Mexico waters as an introduced species, primarily found in the Gila River system and other warm water bodies throughout the state.

These robust catfish are extremely adaptable fish that thrive in New Mexico's challenging aquatic environments, tolerating high temperatures (up to 35°C), low oxygen levels, turbid water, and degraded water quality conditions that would eliminate other species.

Scientific Name: Ameiurus melas

Physical Characteristics:
  • These robust catfish are distinguished by their bulky heads, completely dark (black or gray) chin barbels, and slightly notched tail fins.
  • They typically reach 6-24 inches in length, with the potential to grow up to 6 pounds, making them the largest of the bullhead species.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • They inhabit a variety of water bodies from small farm ponds to large reservoirs, preferring soft-bottom areas in slower-moving or still waters.

Key Locations

  • Primarily found in the Gila River system and other warm water bodies throughout the state.

Specific Spots

  • Target slow-moving or still water areas with soft bottoms, including deeper holes in creeks, backwater areas of rivers, edges of weed beds, and areas around underwater structure like downed trees or rock piles.

Black Bullhead FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What are the best lures and bait for Black Bullhead in New Mexico?

Top baits include nightcrawlers (especially effective when soaked in ice water to plump them up), chicken liver, cut bait, minnows (live or dead), leeches, and crickets. Grocery store options like corn, marshmallows, hot dogs, and white bread also work well.

When is the best time to fish for Black Bullhead in New Mexico?

The best fishing occurs from late spring through fall, with peak activity during summer months when water temperatures are warmest. They spawn from May through July when water temperatures reach 73-81°F.

How do you catch Black Bullhead in New Mexico?

For best results, let baits soak on the bottom near structure, and be patient - bullheads often mouth baits before fully taking them. When you feel a fish running with the bait, wait a few seconds before setting the hook hard to penetrate their tough mouths.

What do Black Bullhead eat?

Their diet consists primarily of aquatic invertebrates, especially midge larvae and other insect larvae, along with small crustaceans, worms, small fish, fish e.g.gs, and plant material.

Where do Black Bullhead live in New Mexico?

They inhabit a variety of water bodies from small farm ponds to large reservoirs, preferring soft-bottom areas in slower-moving or still waters.

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