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Burbot

Burbot

The only freshwater member of the cod family, they historically inhabited the Missouri River system and its tributaries, including the Niobrara and Platte rivers.

However, burbot populations in Nebraska have experienced severe decline and are now extremely rare - the species should be considered endangered in the state.

Scientific Name: Lota lota

Physical Characteristics:
  • Slender, elongated fish with mottled olive to brown coloration and a distinctive single barbel under the chin.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • They prefer secretive habitats during daylight, hiding among snags, aquatic vegetation, rock piles, collapsed bridges, fallen trees, and erosional areas with overhead cover.
  • Their presence in Nebraska's Mississippi River valley dates back to Pleistocene glaciation events.

Key Locations

  • Missouri River from Blair to Brownville historically produced burbot, with some success also documented near Nebraska City, Gavins Point tailwaters, and the Niobrara River confluence area.
  • Missouri River system and its tributaries, including the Niobrara and Platte rivers.

Specific Spots

  • Target areas with structure like snags, fallen trees, rock piles, and deep pools, particularly where tributaries enter the main river.

Burbot FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What are the best lures and bait for Burbot in Nebraska?

Live minnows, cut bait from suckers or chubs, and natural baits that produce strong scents.

When is the best time to fish for Burbot in Nebraska?

Late fall through winter before their February-March spawning season (avoid fishing during spawning as populations are critically low).

How do you catch Burbot in Nebraska?

Bottom fishing techniques worked best since burbot are bottom-dwellers that scavenge along the lake or river floor.

What do Burbot eat?

Adult burbot are opportunistic predators feeding primarily on fish, crawfish, and crustaceans in summer, while young burbot forage actively at night for amphipods like Hyalella and Gammarus species.

Where do Burbot live in Nebraska?

They prefer secretive habitats during daylight, hiding among snags, aquatic vegetation, rock piles, collapsed bridges, fallen trees, and erosional areas with overhead cover. Their presence in Nebraska's Mississippi River valley dates back to Pleistocene glaciation events.

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