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American Paddlefish

American Paddlefish

American Paddlefish are prehistoric freshwater giants found in Missouri's rivers and reservoirs. These remarkable fish are among the largest freshwater species in North America and are a unique and challenging target for specialized anglers.

Scientific Name: Polyodon spathula

Also known as spoonbill, spadefish

Physical Characteristics:
  • Commonly reaching 5 feet in length and 60 pounds, with some specimens exceeding 150 pounds and living over 30 years.
  • They're distinguished by their elongated, paddle-shaped rostrum (snout) that comprises about one-third of their body length, smooth cartilaginous skeleton, and shark-like heterocercal tail.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • In Missouri, paddlefish populations are currently stable and can be found in major water bodies.
  • They're highly adaptable and grow rapidly in Missouri's productive reservoir environments.

Key Locations

  • Lake of the Ozarks, Table Rock Lake, Truman Reservoir, Missouri and Mississippi River systems.
  • Target areas below Bagnell Dam on Lake of the Ozarks, below Truman Dam, and James River Arm on Table Rock Lake.

Specific Spots

  • They inhabit slow-moving, deep waters with moderate currents, preferring open areas away from heavy timber and vegetation.
  • Target deep channels, holes, and areas near dams where fish congregate.

American Paddlefish FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

When is the best time to fish for American Paddlefish in Missouri?

Paddlefish snagging seasons run from March 15-April 30 on most lakes, and March 15-May 15 plus September 15-December 15 on the Mississippi River. Fishing should be avoided during spawning period (typically March through early May) to protect spawning populations.

How do you catch American Paddlefish in Missouri?

The technique involves repeatedly casting and jerking the line in sweeping motions to snag fish by the body - essentially 'roping' these giants. From boats, use vertical snagging over deep holes, dropping rigs straight down and yanking upward in steady intervals.

What do American Paddlefish eat?

These filter-feeding fish consume primarily zooplankton, using tens of thousands of electroreceptors on their rostrum to detect electrical fields from microscopic prey.

Where do American Paddlefish live in Missouri?

In Missouri, paddlefish populations are currently stable and can be found in major water bodies. They're highly adaptable and grow rapidly in Missouri's productive reservoir environments.

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