Burbot
Burbot is the only freshwater member of the cod family and Minnesota's most unique predatory fish.
These serpent-like fish have elongated, laterally compressed bodies with mottled brown coloration, a single chin barbel, two dorsal fins, and microscopic scales that give them a slimy texture.
Scientific Name: Lota lota
Also known as eelpout, freshwater cod, poor man's lobster
- In Minnesota, burbot typically reach 28 inches and 6-8 pounds, though the state record of 19 pounds 3 ounces was caught in Lake of the Woods.
Fishing in Minnesota
Mississippi River
Sauk River
Rum River
Lake Minnetonka
Mille Lacs Lake
Crow River
Snake River
Little Rock Lake
Julia Lake
Long Lake
What to know
Habitat Distribution
- Burbot are found throughout Minnesota's northern lakes and rivers, including Lake Superior, with smaller populations in prairie regions and parts of the lower Mississippi River.
Key Locations
- Lake of the Woods (state record location), Mille Lacs, and Leech Lake (home to the International Eelpout Festival in Walker).
- Lake Superior, with smaller populations in prairie regions and parts of the lower Mississippi River.
Specific Spots
- Target depths of 27+ feet around deep rock structures, mud flats, steep breaklines, hard-bottomed humps, and sand/gravel flats adjacent to deep water.
- On Mille Lacs, focus on the famous mud flats.
- For summer fishing, work transition areas and topographic features where deep basins meet structure.
Burbot FAQ
Answers from onWater's species guide.
What are the best lures and bait for Burbot in Minnesota?
Heavy jigging spoons work excellently - the Trout-N-Pout Spoon by Big Nasty Tackle (1-1/8 oz) is specifically designed for burbot and features bright glow colors and built-in rattles. Glow-in-the-dark lures are essential, particularly green and red glow patterns.
When is the best time to fish for Burbot in Minnesota?
Winter ice fishing season, particularly from late January through March. For summer fishing, target them in very deep water (200+ feet) as they retreat to the coldest depths.
How do you catch Burbot in Minnesota?
Fish within 1-2 inches of bottom as burbot are strict bottom feeders. Present baits aggressively - pound the bottom to create noise and stir up sediment, then lift 6-12 inches off bottom and let the bait dance before crashing back down. Re-glow lures every 10-15 minutes for maximum effectiveness.
What do Burbot eat?
As voracious predators, burbot feed primarily on other fish including sculpins, yellow perch, walleye, trout perch, lake trout, clams, crayfish, and fish e.g.gs. Young burbot consume small crayfish, mayfly larvae, and aquatic insects.
Where do Burbot live in Minnesota?
Burbot are found throughout Minnesota's northern lakes and rivers, including Lake Superior, with smaller populations in prairie regions and parts of the lower Mississippi River.
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