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Spotted Gar


Spotted Gar

The Spotted Gar is a prehistoric freshwater fish native to Louisiana's waters. Louisiana hosts healthy populations throughout the Mississippi River basin.

They are voracious ambush predators that can gulp air through a primitive lung, allowing them to survive in low-oxygen waters that other fish cannot tolerate.

Scientific Name: Lepisosteus oculatus


Physical Characteristics:
  • Distinguished by its elongated dart-like body covered in dark spots on the head, fins, and body.
  • Growing 2-3 feet long and weighing 4-6 pounds typically, they have diamond-shaped ganoid scales and an elongated mouth filled with needle-like teeth.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • Found in the Lower Mississippi River, Atchafalaya River basin, and coastal marshes from Lake Pontchartrain to the Gulf Coast.
  • They prefer clear, slow-moving shallow waters of creeks, rivers, lakes, and occasionally brackish waters.

Key Locations

  • Prime Louisiana locations include the Lower Mississippi River, Atchafalaya River basin, Lake Pontchartrain, and coastal marshes.

Specific Spots

  • Target shallow areas (0-5 feet) with abundant vegetation around submerged branches, fallen logs, and areas with cover - they avoid exposed banks.

Spotted Gar FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What flies work for Spotted Gar in Louisiana?

Clouser's Swimming Nymph in olive or orange with extra flash, damsel nymph patterns for weedy areas, weightless woolly buggers, Crazy Charlie patterns, and small terrestrial patterns like beetles and grasshoppers.

When is the best time to fish for Spotted Gar in Louisiana?

Hot summer months (July-August) are best. They spawn in April, May, and June when water temperatures reach 69-79°F - a period to avoid targeting them. Movement rates are higher during summer than fall and winter, with warmer spring and summer temperatures increasing their activity and range.

How do you catch Spotted Gar in Louisiana?

Present flies or lures slowly near structure where gar lie in ambush. When sight-fishing, cast parallel to the fish, placing the fly just ahead of their eye in the soft corner of the mouth. Be patient - gar often investigate slowly before striking.

What do Spotted Gar eat?

Their diet consists primarily of small fish (golden topminnow, warmouth, bluegill, spotted sunfish) making up 18% of their diet, while shrimp comprises 57.5% of stomach contents, with other invertebrates, insect larvae, and algae filling the remainder.

Where do Spotted Gar live in Louisiana?

Found in the Lower Mississippi River, Atchafalaya River basin, and coastal marshes from Lake Pontchartrain to the Gulf Coast. They prefer clear, slow-moving shallow waters of creeks, rivers, lakes, and occasionally brackish waters.

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