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River Redhorse

River Redhorse

River Redhorse is a rare and highly sought-after species in Iowa, currently found in extremely limited numbers with only 5 distinct collection sites across the state, representing just 0. 3% of monitored waters.

The Iowa DNR's biological assessment program has collected only 11 individual specimens total, ranking it as the #124 most collected fish species, highlighting its scarcity.

Scientific Name: Moxostoma carinatum

Physical Characteristics:

River Redhorse are large, powerful fish reaching 23-28 inches and 5-9 pounds, with some exceeding 700mm total length and weights over 10 pounds.

They're distinguished by their brassy orange to bronze coloration, cream-colored underside, bright orange fins, large heads, and deeply folded (plicate) lips.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

They prefer clear, large rivers with moderate to swift currents.

Key Locations

Target the Iowa River system, particularly the lower Iowa River from Columbus Junction to the Mississippi River confluence. In Iowa, they're primarily found in the Iowa River system, specifically the Iowa River from Columbus Junction to Mississippi River confluence.

Specific Spots

Target areas with moderate current over gravel, sand, or bedrock bottoms in medium to large river sections. Focus on riffle-run transitions and deeper pools adjacent to spawning areas. Outside spawning season, they inhabit deeper pool areas with slower currents.

River Redhorse FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What are the best lures and bait for River Redhorse in Iowa?

Natural baits including nightcrawlers, leeches, small crayfish, and clam pieces presented on small circle hooks.

What flies work for River Redhorse in Iowa?

Use heavy nymphs in sizes 10-12, particularly black patterns, small beaded woolly buggers, clouser minnows, and patterns designed to imitate clams or mollusks.

When is the best time to fish for River Redhorse in Iowa?

The best opportunity is during late April through May before their spawning period. This spawning period should be avoided for fishing to protect the vulnerable population.

How do you catch River Redhorse in Iowa?

Use bottom-fishing techniques. For fly fishing, add heavy dropper flies 15 inches above your main pattern to slow the drift and keep flies on bottom where these fish feed. Watch your line tip carefully for subtle takes, as bites can be very light.

What do River Redhorse eat?

These bottom-feeders have specialized molariform pharyngeal teeth for crushing hard prey, feeding primarily on mollusks (making up 25% of their diet), aquatic insects, crayfish, and benthic invertebrates.

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