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Sockeye Salmon

Sockeye Salmon

Sockeye Salmon in California exist primarily as landlocked populations called Kokanee, which are much smaller than their ocean-going cousins and rarely exceed 35 cm (14 inches) in length.

While historically native to the western coast of North America as far south as the Sacramento River, wild sockeye populations have been largely extirpated from California waters.

Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus nerka

Also known as Kokanee

Physical Characteristics:
  • Rarely exceed 35 cm (14 inches) in length.
  • In their ocean phase, sockeye are blue-tinged with silver coloration, but develop the characteristic red body and green head during spawning season from late summer through fall.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • Found as introduced Kokanee populations in approximately 15 reservoirs.
  • Schooling fish that frequent open water.

Key Locations

  • Today's California sockeye are primarily found as introduced Kokanee populations in approximately 15 reservoirs including Lake Tahoe, New Melones Reservoir, Stampede Reservoir, Lake Berryessa, Whiskeytown Lake, Bullards Bar Reservoir, Shaver Lake, Union Valley Reservoir, and several others.
  • Waters like Whiskeytown Lake have produced some of California's largest kokanee, while lakes like Bullards Bar provide consistent action for smaller fish.

Specific Spots

  • In fall, before spawning begins, kokanee congregate in dense schools near tributary mouths.

Sockeye Salmon FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What are the best lures and bait for Sockeye Salmon in California?

Popular lures include small spinners, soft plastic tubes (hoochies or squids), and small spoons, with pink and orange being the most productive colors. The most successful anglers tip their lures with white 'shoepeg' corn, often scented for additional attraction.

When is the best time to fish for Sockeye Salmon in California?

The best time to fish for Kokanee in California is from spring through summer, with peak fishing occurring during summer months when fish are at their largest size. In fall, before spawning begins, kokanee congregate in dense schools near tributary mouths.

How do you catch Sockeye Salmon in California?

Trolling is the primary technique, typically at speeds between 0.8-1.5 mph. Adding a dodger or flasher just ahead of the lure helps attract fish.

What do Sockeye Salmon eat?

Kokanee feed almost exclusively on zooplankton, unlike other Pacific salmon that transition to eating fish.

Where do Sockeye Salmon live in California?

Found as introduced Kokanee populations in approximately 15 reservoirs. Schooling fish that frequent open water.

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