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Brook Trout

Brook Trout

Brook Trout are actually char, not true trout, and are non-native to California but have become well-established since their introduction in 1872.

Scientific Name: Salvelinus fontinalis

Physical Characteristics:
  • They're easily identified by their dark green to brown coloration with distinctive worm-like vermiculation patterns on their backs, scattered red spots surrounded by blue halos along their sides, and white-edged orange fins.
  • Brook Trout typically range 6-15 inches in California waters, with larger specimens possible in productive lakes with abundant forage.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • In California, Brook Trout thrive in cold, clear lakes and streams, particularly small spring-fed headwater streams and isolated mountain lakes in the Sierra Nevada.

Key Locations

  • The species has established populations throughout the Northern California region, particularly in high-elevation waters of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Range, with some notable populations documented in areas like Lassen Creek in Modoc County.

Specific Spots

  • Focus on areas with moderate flow where Brook Trout establish feeding territories, rocky structure, fallen logs, undercut banks, and drop-offs in lakes.

Brook Trout FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What are the best lures and bait for Brook Trout in California?

Top lures include small inline spinners like 1/16-1/8 ounce Roostertails (especially black with silver blade, rainbow trout, or frog patterns), Mepps Aglia spinners in size 1-2, and 1/8-1/4 ounce Kastmaster spoons.

What flies work for Brook Trout in California?

Effective fly patterns include Adams, Elk Hair Caddis, Pheasant Tail nymphs, Woolly Buggers, and small streamers. In areas with overhanging trees, terrestrial patterns like ants, beetles, grasshoppers, and spiders can be very productive.

When is the best time to fish for Brook Trout in California?

Late spring through early summer (May-July) and again in fall (September-October).

How do you catch Brook Trout in California?

Brook Trout are aggressive and will strike dry flies enthusiastically, making them ideal for beginning fly anglers. PowerBait and other prepared baits work well on a treble hook e.g.g sinker rig.

What do Brook Trout eat?

Brook Trout primarily feed on terrestrial insects, aquatic insect larvae, and zooplankton drifting near the surface, with the most intense feeding occurring in evening and early morning. They also consume benthic organisms and occasionally become piscivorous.

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