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Apache Trout

Apache Trout

The Apache Trout is Arizona's state fish and one of only two trout species native to the state. Due to their threatened status and limited distribution, they represent a unique fishing opportunity found nowhere else in the world.

Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus apache

Physical Characteristics:
  • These golden-yellow fish with olive backs feature distinctive white-tipped dorsal, pelvic, and anal fins, dark spots above and below the lateral line, and a characteristic horizontal black band through the eye that gives them a 'bandit' appearance.
  • Stream residents average 5-9 inches, lake-dwelling Apache Trout can exceed 5 pounds.

What to know

Habitat Distribution

  • Currently, 30 genetically pure populations exist within their historical range in Gila, Apache, and Greenlee counties, primarily on Fort Apache Indian Reservation and Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest lands at elevations above 6,000-6,900 feet.
  • Historically occupying 600+ miles of stream habitat in the upper White, Black, and Little Colorado River drainages of the White Mountains.

Key Locations

  • Lee Valley Reservoir, East Fork of the Black River, Little Colorado River, Black River near Show Low, Big Bonito Creek, and various streams in the White Mountains.

Specific Spots

  • Fish deeper pools and areas with cover like undercut banks and woody debris.
  • They prefer complex habitat featuring pools, undercut banks, boulders, and woody debris for cover.

Apache Trout FAQ

Answers from onWater's species guide.

What are the best lures and bait for Apache Trout in Arizona?

Small spinners like Panther Martins, Super Dupers, and Rooster Tails. Natural baits like worms and grasshoppers.

What flies work for Apache Trout in Arizona?

Wet fly patterns include Peacock Ladies, Pheasant Tail Nymphs, Hare's Ear Nymphs, Zug Bugs, Scuds, and stonefly/mayfly/caddisfly nymph imitations in olive green, brown, or black colors. Larger wet flies (size 6-8) like Woolly Buggers, Woolly Worms, streamers, and Muddler Minnows in purple, black, brown, and green.

When is the best time to fish for Apache Trout in Arizona?

Best during spring and fall when water temperatures are cooler. Avoid March-June spawning season.

How do you catch Apache Trout in Arizona?

Fly fishing produces the best results. For conventional tackle, fish deeper pools and areas with cover like undercut banks and woody debris.

What do Apache Trout eat?

These opportunistic feeders consume primarily caddisflies, terrestrial insects, mayflies, and aquatic invertebrates.

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